Scientific Sessions

Catalysis plays a pivotal role in the petrochemical and refining industries, enabling the efficient transformation of crude oil and natural gas into fuels, chemicals, and high-value products. Catalysts accelerate reactions such as hydrocracking, catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation, and hydrogenation, improving yield, selectivity, and energy efficiency. Heterogeneous catalysts, including zeolites, metal oxides, and supported noble metals, are widely used due to their robustness, ease of separation, and high activity under harsh industrial conditions. Homogeneous catalysts are applied in specialized chemical syntheses within the petrochemical sector.

The effectiveness of catalysts in refining is determined by factors such as surface area, acidity, porosity, and active site distribution, which influence reaction pathways and product composition. Advances in nanostructured catalysts, bimetallic systems, and hierarchical zeolites have enhanced activity, selectivity, and resistance to deactivation. Catalyst regeneration and process optimization are critical for maintaining long-term performance and reducing operational costs. Overall, catalysis is indispensable for modern petrochemical processing, enabling energy-efficient production, cleaner fuels, and the sustainable conversion of hydrocarbon resources into essential chemicals and materials.